What Is SSL/TLS?
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and its successor TLS (Transport Layer Security) are cryptographic protocols that encrypt communication between a web browser and a server. When a website uses SSL/TLS, its URL starts with https:// instead of http://, and browsers display a padlock icon.
Why HTTPS Matters
- Security — Encrypts all data transmitted between visitor and server, protecting passwords, credit cards, and personal information
- Trust — Visitors see the padlock icon and feel confident the site is legitimate
- SEO — Google has confirmed HTTPS is a ranking signal. Sites without SSL may rank lower
- Compliance — GDPR, PCI DSS, and other regulations require encrypted data transmission
- Browser Warnings — Modern browsers actively warn users when visiting non-HTTPS sites
Types of SSL Certificates
- Domain Validated (DV) — Basic encryption, verifies domain ownership. Issued in minutes. Free options available (Let’s Encrypt).
- Organization Validated (OV) — Verifies business identity. Displays organization name in certificate details.
- Extended Validation (EV) — Highest level of verification. Requires thorough business validation.
- Wildcard SSL — Secures a domain and all its subdomains (*.example.com).
- Multi-Domain SSL (SAN) — Secures multiple different domains with a single certificate.
How to Get a Free SSL Certificate
Let’s Encrypt provides free, automated SSL certificates trusted by all major browsers. Most hosting providers now include Let’s Encrypt integration, making it easy to enable HTTPS with just a few clicks. Certificates auto-renew every 90 days.
How to Check Your SSL
Use SSL Labs (ssllabs.com/ssltest) to test your certificate. It grades your SSL configuration from A+ to F and identifies potential security issues.
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